Polycystic ovary syndrome is an endocrine disorder affecting many women. It is associated with menstrual irregularities, acne, hirsutism, obesity, infertility, and insulin resistance. It is a risk factor for developing heart disease, hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and dyslipidemias. It is estimated that PCOS affects every 1 out of 10 women. Its prevalence is high in those women who remain undiagnosed due to a lack of provider knowledge. Symptoms of PCOS are managed through diet. A diet that contains low Glycemic index food, high fiber fruits and vegetables, monounsaturated fat, lean protein foods, plant-based protein, and whole grains is adequate to manage the symptoms of PCOS. In this regard, I want to study the effect of diet in relieving the symptoms of PCOS. Furthermore, the statistical review has further analyzed the data collected from the methodology.
Introduction
Polycystic ovary syndrome is the imbalance of hormones that affect many females. (stein, 2006). This condition affects women physically, endocrinologically, reproductively, and metabolically. (Stephanie, 2017).
Pcos affect women of all races and ethnicities after puberty. In unspecified populations, the prevalence of PCOS has been reported, which is 3–10% (knocheuhauer et al., 1998 ; kauffman et al., 2002).
PCOS is estimated to be as high as 75% in undiagnosed individuals. This is likely due to a lack of patient presentation and provider knowledge(futerweit, 1999;calmina,2004).
It is associated with many health complications like menstrual irregularities, insulin resistance, infertility, hirsutism, and acne. (Norman et al., 2007). PCOS women are at increased risk of developing diseases like heart disease, dyslipidemias, hypertension, and type II diabetes Mellitus. It is associated with mental disorders like depression, tension, and uneasiness. (Dokras et al., 2017).
The etiology of PCOS is not entirely understood as there is no specific known cause, so there is no straightforward diagnostic test for this condition.PCOS is associated with insulin resistance, obesity, and overnutrition has been reported.(Farshchi et al., 2007 ; Teede et al., 2010).
Nutritional counseling has been one of the best management for PCOS patients for years. However, caloric restrictions do not produce the estimated long-term effects. Treatment for PCOS patients consists of insulin-lowering drugs, oral contraceptives, dietary changes, and androgen therapy, including weight loss. Weight loss and increased insulin sensitivity have proven to be successful treatments for the abnormalities of metabolism and hormones which cause PCOS. (Pasquail et al., 1989;Kiddy,1989 ; Anderson et al., 1995).
A healthy diet and physical activity help to relieve the symptoms of pcos. Focusing on low glycemic index food, whole grains, low-fat milk, fruits and vegetables rich in fiber, and lean protein can help manage your weight and blood sugar.(Garg et al., 1988 ; parillo et al., 1992 ; Kelley et al., 2004)
Objective
I want to assess dietary measures’ role in managing PCOS.
Relationship between diet and PCOS
Methodology/Methods
Study design
I will conduct randomized control trial(RCT) to investigate dietary measures’ role in managing PCOS.
Target population
I will select PCOS-diagnosed patients from the gynae ward of Nishtar Medical Hospital, Multan.
Age group
I will select the female adult group(age>18 years).
Sample size
I will select 30 female patients whose BMI is greater than normal and divide them into 2 groups in this regard. One is the control group, and the other one is the experimental group. Each group has 15 patients.
Diagnostic criteria
All female patients are diagnosed with PCOS. Symptoms will interpret through physical examination like height, weight, and examination of unwanted hair growth. It will also be diagnosed by ultrasound. I will do this at the radiology department of Nishtar Hospital Multan. In this, the hand-held device is pressed by a technician to create images of your ovaries. A Polycystic ovary has follicles. Each dark circle in the images shows one follicle in the ovary.
Collection of data
I will collect data from the female patients about their dietary history, physical activity and asks a few questions about stress level.
Grouping
I will make 2 groups of 15 patients. One group is named A and the other group is named B. Group A will be given a specific diet with low glycemic index food, plant-based protein, lean protein, fat-free milk, fiber-rich fruits, and whole grains. And group B will be given a non-specific diet with medicine. And then observe the effects of diet after 2 weeks on regular follow-up guidelines.
Duration
I will make this study design for 3 months and observe the effects of a specific diet and a nonspecific diet on Group A and Group B.
Statistical Analysis
The data collected from the study design will be statistically analyzed.
